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ESP / ENG

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  3. Advances in Seismic Interpretation
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Advances in Seismic Interpretation

Satinder Chopra M.Sc., M.Phil
Descripción del instructor

Received M.Sc. and M.Phil. degrees in physics from Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India. He joined the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) of India in 1984 and served there till 1997. In 1998 he joined CTC Pulsonic at Calgary, which later became Scott Pickford and Core Laboratories Reservoir Technologies. Currently, he is working as Manager, Reservoir Services at Arcis Corporation, Calgary. In the last 25 years Satinder has worked in regular seismic processing, and interactive interpretation, but has spent more time in special processing of seismic data involving seismic attributes including coherence and textures, seismic inversion, AVO, VSP processing and frequency enhancement of seismic data. His research interests focus on techniques that are aimed at characterization of reservoirs. He has published 5 books and more than 175 papers and abstracts and likes to make presentations at any beckoning opportunity. He is the Chief Editor of the CSEG RECORDER, past - member of the SEG ‘The Leading Edge’ Editorial Board, and the Ex-Chairman of the SEG Publications Committee. He received the AAPG Award of Excellence ‘Top Ten’ Poster presentation for his poster presented at the 2009 AAPG Annual Meeting at Denver. Of the 3 presentations (1 oral, 2 posters) that he made at the 2008 SEG Convention at Las Vegas, Nevada, all three were ranked among the top 30 presented at the SEG Meeting. He received several awards at ONGC, and more recently has received the ‘Best Poster’ Award for his paper entitled ‘Seismic attributes for fault/fracture characterization’, presented at the 2007 SEG Convention held at San Antonio. He received the ‘Best Paper’ Award for his paper entitled ‘Curvature and Iconic Coherence - Attributes adding value to 3D Seismic Data Interpretation’ presented at the CSEG Technical Luncheon, Calgary, in January 2007 as well as the 2005 CSEG Meritorious Services Award. He and his colleagues have received the CSEG Best Poster Awards in successive years from 2002 to 2005. He is a member of SEG, CSEG, CSPG, CHOA, EAGE, AAPG, APEGGA (Association of Professional Engineers, Geologists and Geophysicists of Alberta) and TBPG (Texas Board of Professional Geoscientists).

In-House

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COURSE CONTENT

 

1. SEISMIC REFLECTION BASIC PRINCIPLES, ACOUSTIC IMPEDANCE

  • Interference between reflections.
  • Vertical resolution.
  • Horizontal resolution.
  • Effect of depth.
  • Seismic expression of hydrocarbons.
  • Reservoir identification.
  • Characteristics of reservoir reflections, reservoir limits, zero phaseness and tuning phenomenon.
  • Examples.
  • Jeopardy exercise on unit 1.

 

2. DISPLAY OF SEISMIC DATA, COLOR, DOUBLE AND SINGLE GRADATIONAL SCHEMES, NATURAL PAIRING, PHASE CIRCLES

  • Examples.
  • Jeopardy exercise on unit 2.

 

3. THIN-BED ANALYSIS

  • Resolution limit, Widess and Rayleigh criterion.
  • Thin-bed cautions.
  • Thin-bed reflectivity inversion.
  • Examples.
  • Jeopardy exercise on unit 3.

 

4. STRUCTURAL INTERPRETATION: 2D AND 3D, REFLECTION CORRELATION, AUTOTRACKING

  • Time and horizon slices.
  • Use of attributes (horizon and volume computation).
  • Preparation of maps (time maps, isochrones and structure maps).
  • Visualization.
  • Examples.
  • Jeopardy exercise on unit 4.

 

5. STRATIGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION: SEISMIC CALIBRATION WITH WELL DATA, MIS-TIES, VERTICAL SEISMIC PROFILES AND THEIR USES, RECOGNIZING INDIVIDUAL REFLECTIONS, AMPLITUDE, POLARITY AND CONTINUITY, REFLECTION SPACING OR FREQUENCY, STUDYING LITHOLOGY CHANGE AND REFLECTIONS

  • Seismic stratigraphy, recognition of reflections (onlap, downlap, toplap, truncations and erosion)
  • Sequence and seismic facies analysis
  • Evaluation of geological and reservoir parameters, contouring stratigraphic objects.
  • Examples
  • Jeopardy exercise on unit 5.

 

6. USE OF SEISMIC ATTRIBUTES (LITHOLOGY (AVO, INVERSION) AND DISCONTINUITY (COHERENCE, CURVATURE)) FOR ACHIEVING STRUCTURAL/STRATIGRAPHIC OBJECTIVES; PORE PRESSURE PREDICTION

  • Examples.
  • Jeopardy exercise on unit 6.
  • Practical demonstration on real data.
  • Examples.

 

7. SEISMIC INVERSION: POST-STACK

  • Inversion techniques, bandlimited, model-based and sparse-spike.
  • Benefits of seismic inversion.
  • Relative acoustic impedance inversion.
  • Coloured  inversion.
  • Comparison between coloured and sparse spike inversion.
  • Geostatistical inversion.
  • Limitations of inversión.
  • Jeopardy exercise on unit 7.

 

8. PRE-STACK SEISMIC INVERSION

  • Methods (local and global optimization methods)
  • Simultaneous inversion.
  • Hybrid inversion.
  • Elastic impedance inversion.
  • Full waveform inversion.
  • Jeopardy exercise on unit 8.

 

9. PORE PRESSURE PREDICTION

  • Examples.
  • Jeopardy exercise on unit 9.

 

10. DIRECT HYDROCARBON DETECTION; REFLECTION CHARACTER ANALYSIS AND AVO; HYDROCARBON INDICATORS

  • Limitations
  • Rock properties from seismic data
  • Examples
  • Jeopardy exercise on unit 10.

 

11. AVO ANALYSIS AVO THEORY, AVO ANALYSIS, AVO PITFALLS, INTERPRETATION AND CASE STUDIES

  • Zoeppritz equations and their approximations (Bortfeld, Aki and Richards, Shuey’s, Hilterman’s, Smith and Gidlow’s, Fatti’s)
  • Factors affecting seismic amplitudes and processing for AVO
  • AVO interpretation

  - Modeling
  - AVO techniques (Ostrander gathers, angle gathers, supergathers; angle-range limited stacks, offset-range limited stacks; attribute stacks)
  - AVO combination indicators
  - Classification of AVO responses
  - Cross-plotting
  - Noise and AVO
  - AVO and visualization
  - AVO polarization attributes
  - Lambda-Mu-Rho analysis
  - AVO and neural networks
  - AVO and anisotropy

  • Jeopardy exercise on unit 11.

 

12. PITFALLS IN SEISMIC INTERPRETATION; VELOCITY, GEOMETRY AND PROCESSING RELATED ARTIFACTS

  • Examples.
  • Jeopardy exercise on unit 12.
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